Mt. Rainier in low snow conditions.

Liberty Ridge in 3 days

Average rating of 2 votes: 3.0
Locations Blog entry locations
Difficulty: Hard
May 25, 2001 - May 28, 2001
Sports: Mountaineering, Wilderness Medicine, Epic Adventures

A climb up one of the 50 Classic Climbs in North America: Liberty Ridge, Mt. Rainier. Done in alpine style, as a north-south traverse rather than a loop. Near death, excellent climbing, and the greatest views imaginable, but no photos.

Adventure Blog Contents (5 entries)

To the mountain! (0 photos)

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May 25, 2001
Mountaineering
40.760779 N, 111.891047 W (Searching Geonames.org for nearest town... )

When planning a trip to Mt. Rainier from Salt Lake, we decided to drive from SLC to Mt. Rainier, climb Liberty Ridge, spend the night, and then drive home. We would therefore need a total of 5 days; 1 day of travel each way, and 3 days for the climb itself.

Prior to leaving SLC, all three members of the team got together one night for dinner and gear sorting. We all brought our mountaineering gear (including packs, tents, clothes, etc.) so we could get the lightest possible gear among the three climbers, and make sure that our packs (excluding food and some clothing) were close to the same weight while climbing. By spending a couple hours that evening, we were able to have climbing packs (with all gear!) in the 25 lb range; with all gear stowed for the approach and retreat, we were closer to 40 lbs, which is still not bad for gentle hiking.

On this day, we left SLC early in the AM for the ~12 hour drive to Mt. Rainier. We arrived just before dark, secured a campsite in Ipsut Creek campground, and crashed in our tents. Since one of the team brought his wife (who would spend the next 3 days camping, hiking, and worrying), we had 2 tents for the first night - luxurious space before the enforced cramped quarters of a mountaineering tent.

With a light rain falling, we were somewhat disturbed that our adventure might be over before it even really began. We set the alarms for 0700, and slept soundly with a light rain patter.

Photo Album for To the mountain!

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Climbing day 1 - Ipsut Creek to Carbon glacier (0 photos)

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May 26, 2001
Mountaineering
47.008353 N, 121.868591 W (Searching Geonames.org for nearest town... )

Waking up to a clear sky, dry tent, and hot coffee is a great way to start the climb.

After breakfast, we loaded our packs, attached plastic boots to the outside, and started up the trail from Ipsut Creek towards the Wonderland Trail (a trail worth going back for). After following the Wonderland Trail for a few miles, we broke off to climb a ridge above the Carbon Glacier.

At this point, we traded our soft hiking boots for our mountaineering boots, sent the boots back with our team member's wife, said good-bye to the wife, and promised to meet her three days hence on the south side of the mountain, in Paradise. As we were still off the glaciers, we traversed sloppy snow unroped up and over the ridge.

From the top of the ridge, we got our first good look at the Carbon glacier, Liberty Ridge, and the Liberty Ice Wall. All looked OK, but warm, sloppy, and thin; 2001 was a poor snow year, with conditions in late May being equated to a standard September! What little snow and ice there was would be solid, but there was a lot of exposed rock and alpine ice.

Dropping down to the glacier, we roped up and struck out for the well-defined boot pack that led up to Thumb Rock. Due to the expected numbers of climbers on Liberty Ridge this weekend, we were not able to secure a campsite at Thumb Rock; instead, we will camp on the Carbon Glacier at ~9700' ASL and then fire up the ridge from base to top tomorrow.

After 11 miles, 7000' of vertical, and unrelenting sun and heat, we were all pretty destroyed by the time we reached the top of the Carbon Glacier. We all needed more water, more rest, and less heat. The entire hike on the glacier felt like a white-painted oven, despite the ice and snow on the ground!

At the top of the Carbon glacier, at 9700', we got our first taste of a mountain trying to kill you. While standing on the trail that cuts across the top of the Carbon, we watched the Liberty Ice Wall calve. While there was no debris (ice or rock) on the trail (or on the downslope side), we were not certain this wasn't the slide to bring debris beyond our position. While we had been slogging along, slowly crawling towards camp, we were suddenly able to sprint, despite packs, ropes, heat, or dehydration. The sprint only lasted 100-200 yards, by which time we realized that we could not make it out of the chute.

The falling ice filled the Liberty Wall chute from wall to wall, and we could no longer see the Wall itself. All the world became a roaring, thundering wall of white powder as we turned to watch our doom come. When the debris hit the bottom of the wall, it began to slow (finally). We watched a horizon-spanning cloud of white roll down, compress, and then blast towards us. When the blast wave passed, we were left standing in untouched snow, with the foot of the debris field 600' above us. Crisis one passed, we travelled to a convenient break in slope along the trail, and made camp.

We camped in a very strange location - the slopes of ice on the top of the Carbon formed a small, but important ridge that meant rockfall from the ridge went to climber's right, and calving snow/ice clouds went to the left. We were "safe", although two thirds of the team got very little sleep due to continuous rock fall and ice wall releases every 4 hours or so.

Tomorrow, we assault the ridge itself and make for the summit....

Photo Album for Climbing day 1 - Ipsut Creek to Carbon glacier

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Climbing day 2 - Carbon to Liberty Ice Cap (0 photos)

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May 27, 2001
Mountaineering
46.857256 N, 121.767311 W (Searching Geonames.org for nearest town... )

The alarm on the altimeter watch woke us up at 0730 this morning. We immediately warmed water left over from last night's snow melting exercise and made some hot cereal and drinks. Then we refilled water bottles (1 liter/person minimum), and broke camp. With the rope deployed, crampons and ice axes out, and harnesses on, we had 25lb packs and daylight to burn.

An easy start to the morning by hiking up to the base of Liberty Ridge, and then cutting around to follow the main track up to Thumb Rock. We reached Thumb Rock in decent time, but with a new knowledge that one of our team was still feeling slightly ill from dehydration and altitude and that Thumb Rock was nearly empty due to the predicted weather forecast: bad weather high tomorrow and the next day. We continued up, but now realized we could have spent the night at Thumb Rock, should we have been so inclined.

Another couple hours and we were above the point of no return. Beyond 1500' above Thumb Rock, it is generally easier to ascend than retreat. With the clouds moving in and wind picking up, we were slightly concerned. Our buddy with altitude sickness wasn't getting worse, but he wasn't improving either. The rockfall was continuous, and we stopped worrying about anything that didn't hiss as it came near. We saw some teams above us, but none below as the clouds became too thick. Fortunately, the cloud cover was thinner as we ascended, meaning that we could always see hundreds of feet up, even if we were only able to see 50 feet down.

After most of the day, we reached the Black Pyramid, the last landmark before the bergschrund (the crux). With a bit of celebration, we stormed for the 'schrund.

We found 20' of vertical snow, 70' of near-vertical ice, and a giant crevasse below it all. With our packs and gear attached to pickets or axes on the down-thrown side, we sent our leader up the ice with 2 screws, 3 pickets, and only 100' of rope from a doubled 8mm 60m rope. With knots and belay device, the leader just made hard snow above the ice, where he could build an anchor with the 3 pickets. He ended up doing almost 70' of ice with no pro, as his only screws had already been placed lower!

Our ill buddy went next, using an ice tool and ascender on a fixed line. He went up fine, reaching the belay with little trouble. I tried to simply ascend the line, which was fine until the snow gave way, leaving me trapped on a hanging rope with no feet. After mild panic which was squashed, we started trying various ways to get me up to the belay. As this was my first experience with steep ice and snow, I was learning on the spot, at over 12000' in a light snow storm. Not recommended.

A haul system didn't work (ascribed to not having enough distance from the anchor and a stretchy rope), so eventually the leader came down, took my pack, and thus I was able to ascend the overhung lines and reach the belay. Not to self and others - when ascending an overhung/free space line, DROP your pack to hang from the rope or harness!

More steep ice and mixed sections brought us to near the Liberty Ice Cap (14,112' ASL) (for those keeping score at home, this meant I was learning ice and mixed climbing on Liberty Ridge). The 'schrund problem meant we reached the ice cap at 1900 hrs, nearing dark, in heavy wind and cloud. We retreated back down to a pre-built bivy spot carved from the snow at 13,900'. We had a beautiful bivy spot, complete with wind break (the Ice Cap), surrounding 3' wall (so we could unrope), kitchen (carved from the Ice Wall), and the best views imaginable. As the sun set, the high clouds thinned, and the lower clouds thickened. We watched the sun set over a sea of clouds over 1000' below us. Better dinner and bivy spots don't exist.

Tomorrow we will have to ascend the summit cone, and then trek down the south side of Rainier into Paradise.

Photo Album for Climbing day 2 - Carbon to Liberty Ice Cap

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Climbing day 3 - Ice Cap to Paradise (0 photos)

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May 28, 2001
Mountaineering
46.818623 N, 121.79306 W (Searching Geonames.org for nearest town... )

We woke just after sunrise to a bluebird sky, light wind over the Cap, and cold temps. Our altimeter watch claimed a temp near 10 F in the tent, so we put the outside temp at single positive digits. After breakfast, water bottle filling, and packing, we were ready for the last push: up over the Ice Cap, down between the Cap and summit, and then up the summit cone.

We stepped out from our bivy spot at 13,900' onto the top of the Ice Cap, and into the Jet Stream. Once on top of the Ice Cap, we could not stand up without both ice tools planted. From talks with the Rangers at Paradise after we got down, we heard the wind speeds were sustained 80 mph, gusting to over 100 mph. Walking across the Ice Cap, we were being tossed about, blown to the ground, and struggling to make quick progress. After a particularly brutal spate of wind gusts, our fearless leader came back to check on us, claiming "we can't stay out here"; we were now firmly into failing upward to just get off the mountain alive. Not what you expect when the sky is TOTALLY clear of clouds, and the sun is shining.

After passing the word to the last man on the team that we needed to move, and keep moving, we walked down off the Ice Cap into the saddle between the Cap and the main summit. The mountain tried to kill us a second time.

While walking along, we were caught by a sudden blast of wind that made us all feel, and I do not lie, light. As in, near free-fall, nearly flying kind of light. Since the wind was pushing us towards the top of the chute between Liberty Ridge and Willis Wall, which ends over 3000' below us, this lightness was not good. All the terrain at the top had been blasted clean; we were walking on ice, not squishy snow. Falling into a chute would make it nearly impossible to self arrest, and we would end up falling all 3000' onto the glaciers at the bottom, falling through a constant shooting gallery of rocks falling from Willis Wall, and even if we lived, we'd be on the wrong side of the mountain. Fortunately, the gust was short, and we didn't stumble.

Once on the bottom of the summit cone, we realized we had 800' of vertical up thin ice over gravel, with open gravel patches in places. We also realized the howling wind was now coming straight over the top, and straight down the cone, into our faces; the wind carried ice and gravel. It was just like looking into a sand blaster. We huddled off to a side to contemplate what to do. None of us still felt the need to reach the top, if there was any easier way off the mountain. As we looked around, all we saw were serac fields, ice falls, and steeep terrain. We decided, screaming in the howling wind, that our best choice was straight up, right through the teeth of the gale. Upward we went.

Roughly 500' from the bottom of the cone, with only 300' (maybe less) to go, we got our third try for death. We were (literally) crawling up on front points and ice axes, roped together, with no real gear out (nothing to place it in, of course). I stood up and went to plant a crampon, only to have the crampon spin off the boot; my skidding boot knocked my other (planted) foot out (by breaking the thin ice), and then both ice tools pulled as I weighted them. I skidded onto the rope, and immediately flailed off to the side onto a patch of gravel. Sitting on the gravel, with my ass and good crampon sunk into the slope, I could fix my problematic crampon. My partner below waited, watching intently. The leader, who had fortunately just planted all points for a rest, barely felt the weight on the rope. When I removed my heavy glove to fix the crampon, I dropped it for a brief second; it landed in Canada. I restored my strap-on crampon, using both hands to crank down on the frozen straps to keep the crampon in place for the rest of the trip. Note to self and others: step-in bindings are a god-send on multi-day expeditions where your crampon straps freeze overnight!

After getting back into climbing with 2 good, securely strapped, crampons, we continued up the last 300' or so. The leader reached the summit cone, and put us on a rock belay just in case something went wrong. We all reached the top shortly after.

Our buddy, who was still feeling very poor (but not getting worse), laid down in the dirt, with gravel blowing into his back, and declared "I can't stay here." Since we were only 80' of vertical from the very tippy, tippy top of the cone (but many hundreds of feet around the cone), we declared ourselves at the summit and ready to head down. We dropped down into the summit crater, traversed the snow, and popped out at the marked location for the Disappointment Cleaver route. Yes, we will take the easy way up, down.

We started down the DC route without trouble; wands marked the giant trough of a trail, and we had plenty of light at the top to see crevasses; we passed three in total, including an exciting jump across one. As we descended, we lost wind speed (Yay!), but gained thick clouds (Boo!). The lower we got, the more cloud and lower visibility. By the time we reached 11000' or so, I could hardly see due to fogging of glasses. After a scary fall into a hole, I removed my glasses and went the rest of the way down without them - blurry vision is better than a uniform grey!

Just below Cathedral Gap, we met part of a guided team that had turned around, and was headed for Camp Muir (same as us). They, however, were sitting by the trail waiting for a team that knew the way. Points for the clients knowing that they might get lost, and waiting for a team that knew the way rather than just trying to fake their way through! We continued down the route, with our three new additions on a second rope.

We reached Camp Muir (10,500') at around lunch time (1230 or so), in heavy cloud and strong breezes (call them 30 mph, gusting to 50-60). Blowing snow made it difficult to see beyond a few hundred feet. We had an excellent hot lunch in the public shelter, got an ego boost from other climbers noting that Liberty Ridge was "hard", and were able to put away the rope, second tools, harnesses, and crampons. After 3 days of constant crampon wearing, not having them on was rather nice.

After checking the route description for the correct compass bearings for Muir to Paradise (142 off magnetic north to Moon Rocks, 148 OMN to Paradise), we set off with heavier packs, but no rope, gear, or harness to slow us down! Our sick buddy was nearly recovered due to the lower altitude, but one of his crampons lost the nut, so when he took them off, they fell apart; since we were below the ice and glaciers, this was not much of a problem.

We reached Moon Rocks in good order, but with poor visibility. I suggested our leader (with the altimeter and compass) try my goggles, and he was suitable impressed at their improved visibility over glacier glasses in those conditions. We followed the giant trough down into the low snow fields without incident.

We reached Paradise at 1630 hrs, and met a worried wife. We took showers, ate an enormous dinner, and then got ready to drive home.

The next day, we drove back to SLC with no problems, just good stories.

Photo Album for Climbing day 3 - Ice Cap to Paradise

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Lessons Learned (0 photos)

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May 28, 2001
Mountaineering
40.77159 N, 111.88817 W (Searching Geonames.org for nearest town... )

We learned a few important lessons on our choice of gear, timing, conditions, etc. A selection of the most important ones are here:

  • Should have had 4 ice screws (instead of 3) due to length of a fully belayed pitch.
  • Learn, read, practice, and then practice more before getting to the mountain. Learning on a mountain, in poor weather, is a bad idea.
  • Carbon Glacier is a fine camp site if Thumb Rock is too far or crowded. Do not try to bivy above Thumb Rock and below the Ice Cap!

Photo Album for Lessons Learned

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